牡丹江医科大学学报

目的 系统评价2型糖尿病患者糖尿病足(Diabetic Foot,DF)的危险因素，为临床有效防DF提供科学依据。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库中相关文献，检索时限为建库至2024年10月，并进行文献筛选和数据提取，采用Rev Man 5.4软件和Stata 17.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共检索到9 292篇文献，最后纳入17篇文献，包括16 866例研究对象，涉及17个危险因素。Meta分析结果显示，年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、吸烟、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压、糖尿病肾病、糖尿病视网膜病变和血肌酐为DF的危险因素。结论 现有证据表明，DF发生的危险因素较广泛，医护人员应早期筛查，并且根据病人的不同情况，采取相关针对性的干预措施，以降低其发生率，提高糖尿病病人的生活质量。

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors of diabetic foot( DF) in patients with type 2 diabetes and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and treatment of DF.Methods We systematically searched PubMed systematically Embase、The Cochrane Library、CINAHL、The relevant literature in the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database,and Wanfang Database from inception to October 2024.Literature screening and data extraction were performed.Meta analysis was conducted using Rev Man5.4 software and Stata17.0 software.Results A total of 9 292 articles were retrieved,and 17 articles were finally included,involving 16866 participants and 17 risk factors.Meta-analysis showed that age,gender,diabetes duration,smoking,fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,systolic blood pressure,diabetic nephropathy,diabetes retinopathy,and serum creatinine were risk factors for diabetic foot.Conclusion Current evidence shows that the risk factors of diabetic foot are diverse.Healthcare providers should conduct early screening and implement targeted interventions based on individual patient characteristics to reduce the incidence and improve the quality of life of diabetes patients.